Biografia de einstein en ingles

On several occasions Einstein had visited the California Institute of Technology, and on his last trip to the United States he was offered a position in the newly established Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, Massachusetts. He went there in Einstein played a key role in the construction of the atomic bomb by signing a famous letter to President Franklin D.

Roosevelt — It said that the Germans had made scientific advances and that it was possible that Adolf Hitler —, the German leader whose actions led to World War II [—45]might become the first to have atomic weapons. This led to an all-out U. For a long time he could only utter «Horrible, horrible. Comparte esto: Facebook X. Me gusta Cargando Entrada anterior Curso de Access.

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Biografia de einstein en ingles: Albert Einstein was a

The chasing a light beam thought experiment is described on pages 48— The center was once the Palmer Physical Laboratory. Heinrich Burkhardt Heinrich Zangger History of gravitational theory List of coupled cousins List of German inventors and discoverers List of Jewish Nobel laureates List of peace activists Relativity priority dispute Sticky bead argument.

She has chosen the cream of her culture and has suppressed it. She has even turned upon her most glorious citizen, Albert Einstein, who is the supreme example of the selfless intellectual The man, who, beyond all others, approximates a citizen of the world, is without a home. How proud we must be to offer him temporary shelter. He was quoted as saying that improving the design and changing the types of gases used might allow the design's efficiency to be quadrupled.

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Biografia de einstein en ingles: Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical

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Biografia de einstein en ingles: Albert Einstein was born at

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But when something we are pushing is already going at some large part of the speed of light we find that it keeps gaining mass, so it gets harder and harder to get it going faster. It is impossible to make any mass go at the speed of light because to do so would take infinite energy. Sometimes a mass will change to energy. Common examples of elements that make these changes we call radioactivity are radium and uranium.

An atom of uranium can lose an alpha particle the atomic nucleus of helium and become a new element with a lighter nucleus. Then that atom will emit two electrons, but it will not be stable yet. It will emit a series of alpha particles and electrons until it finally becomes the element Pb or what we call lead. By throwing out all these particles that have mass it has made its own mass smaller.

It has also produced energy. In most radioactivity, the entire mass of something does not get changed to energy. In an atomic bomb, uranium is transformed into krypton and barium. There is a slight difference in the mass of the resulting krypton and barium, and the mass of the original uranium, but the energy that is released by the change is huge.

One way to express this idea is to write Einstein's equation as:. The c 2 in the equation stands for the speed of light squared. About 60 terajoules were released by the atomic bomb that exploded over Hiroshima. The idea of a Bose-Einstein condensate came out of a collaboration between S. Bose and Prof. Einstein himself did not invent it but, instead, refined the idea and helped it become popular.

In classical physics, momentum is explained by the equation:. When Einstein generalized classical physics to include the increase of mass due to the velocity of the moving matter, he arrived at an equation that predicted energy to be made of two components. One component involves "rest mass" and the other component involves momentum, but momentum is not defined in the classical way.

The equation typically has values greater than zero for both components:. A photon has no rest mass, but it has momentum. Light reflecting from a mirror pushes the mirror with a force that can be measured. Knowing either frequency or wavelength, you can compute the photon's momentum. Therefore, the quantity "m 0 " used in Einstein's equation is sometimes called the "rest mass.

This famous "mass-energy relation" formula usually written without the "0"s suggests that mass has a large amount of energy, so maybe we could convert some mass to a more useful form of energy. The nuclear power industry is based on that idea. The General Theory of Relativity was published inten years after the special theory of relativity was created.

Einstein's general theory of relativity uses the idea of spacetime. Spacetime is the fact that we have a four-dimensional universe, having three spatial space dimensions and one temporal time dimension. Any physical event happens at some place inside these three space dimensions, and at some moment in time. According to the general theory of relativity, any mass causes spacetime to curve, and any other mass follows these curves.

Bigger mass causes more curving. This was a new way to explain gravitation gravity. General relativity explains gravitational lensing, which is light bending when it comes near a massive object. This explanation was proven correct during a solar eclipsewhen the sun's bending of starlight from distant stars could be measured because of the darkness of the eclipse.

General relativity also set the stage for cosmology theories of the structure of our universe at large distances and over long times. Einstein thought that the universe may curve a little bit in both space and time, so that the universe always had existed and always will exist, and so that if an object moved through the universe without bumping into anything, it would return to its starting place, from the other direction, after a very long time.

He even changed his equations to include a "cosmological constant," in order to allow a mathematical model of an unchanging universe. The general theory of relativity also allows the universe to spread out grow larger and less dense forever, and most scientists think that astronomy has proved that this is what happens. When Einstein realized that good models of the universe were possible even without the cosmological constant, he called his use of the cosmological constant his "biggest blunder," and that constant is often left out of the theory.

However, many scientists now believe that the cosmological constant is needed to fit in all that we now know about the universe. A popular theory of cosmology is called the Big Bang. According to the Big Bang theory, the universe was formed 15 billion years ago, in what is called a " gravitational singularity ". This singularity was small, dense, and very hot.

According to this theory, all of the matter that we know today came out of this point. Einstein himself did not have the idea of a " black hole ", but later scientists used this name for an object in the universe that bends spacetime so much that not even light can escape it. They think that these ultra-dense objects are formed when giant stars, at least three times the size of our sun, die.

This event can follow what is called a supernova. The formation of black holes may be a major source of gravitational waves, so the search for proof of gravitational waves has become an important scientific pursuit. Many scientists only care about their work, but Einstein also spoke and wrote often about politics and world peace. He liked the ideas of socialism and of having only one government for the whole world.

He also worked for Zionismthe effort to try to create the new country of Israel. In his final days, Einstein faced a crucial decision. Doctors offered surgery to treat his condition, but he chose a different path. It is tasteless to prolong life artificially. For me the Jewish religion like all other religions is an incarnation of the most childish superstitions.

Even though Einstein thought of many ideas that helped scientists understand the world much better, he disagreed with some scientific theories that other scientists liked. The theory of quantum mechanics discusses things that can happen only with certain probabilitieswhich cannot be predicted with more precision no matter how much information we might have.

This theoretical pursuit is different from statistical mechanicsin which Einstein did important work. Einstein did not like the part of quantum theory that denied anything more than the probability that something would be found to be true of something when it was actually measured; he thought that it should be possible to predict anything, if we had the correct theory and enough information.

He once said, "I do not believe that God plays dice with the Universe. Because Einstein helped science so much, his name is now used for several different things. A unit used in photochemistry was named for him. It is equal to Avogadro's number multiplied by the energy of one photon of light. The chemical element Einsteinium is named after the scientist as well.

Most scientists think that Einstein's theories of special and general relativity work very well, and they use those ideas and formulas in their own work. Einstein disagreed that phenomena in quantum mechanics can happen out of pure chance. He believed that all natural phenomena have explanations that do not include pure chance.

Biografia de einstein en ingles: Albert Einstein (14 March

He spent much of his later life trying to find a " unified field theory " that would include his general relativity theory, Maxwell's theory of electromagnetismand perhaps a better quantum theory. Most scientists do not think that he succeeded in that attempt. Contents move to sidebar hide. Page Talk. Read Change Change source View history.

Tools Tools. In other projects. Albert Einstein. Princeton, New JerseyUnited States. ETH Zurich [ 1 ] —; B. Virtually all modern physics. Life [ change change source ]. Early life [ change change source ]. Children [ change change source ]. Later life [ change change source ]. Photoelectric effect [ change change source ]. Theory of relativity [ change change source ].

Mass-energy equivalence [ change change source ]. BEC [ change change source ]. Zero-point energy [ change change source ].